- An August 2009 Council on Foreign Relations Steven Cook
report headlined, "Political Instability in Egypt," saying:
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- Facing possible instability, (m)ost analysts believe
that the current Egyptian regime will muddle through its myriad challenges
and endure indefinitely (with) enough coercive power to ensure" it.
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- It's also "entering a period of political transition.
President Hosni Mubarak is (81) and reportedly" ill. His (46 year
old) son Gamal "is evidently being groomed to succeed him." However,
the "process could prove difficult."
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- "Thus, while Egypt on the surface appears stable,
the potential for growing political volatility and abrupt discontinuities
(ahead) should not be summarily dismissed."
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- Cook suggested two possible scenarios:
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- -- contested succession resulting in military intervention;
or
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- -- "an Islamist push for political power."
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- One indicator to watch for, he suggested, would be "the
number of protestors in the streets....in response to a leadership transition,"
not public anger against high unemployment, extreme poverty, and Mubarack's
dictatorship, inspired by mass protests ousting long-time Tunisian despot
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, what some observers thought impossible until it
happened and began spreading across the region. More on that below.
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- US Government Responses
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- Note: Egypt is the largest, most significant Arab state,
vital to US regional interests. After Israel, it receives more aid than
any other nation, nearly $2 billion annually. Around two-thirds is for
military use, including repressing dissent. The rest is economic for neoliberal
reforms, including privatizing state resources.
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- Washington worries that Egypt's uprising may grow if
not stopped. It won't tolerate revolutionary change that potentially could
spread globally, including on US streets where millions face depravation
levels unseen since the Great Depression.
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- Yet a January 25 White House press release said:
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- "As we monitor the situation in Egypt, we urge all
parties to refrain from using violence, and expect the Egyptian authorities
to respond to any protests peacefully. We support the universal rights
of the Egyptian people, including the rights to freedom of expression,
association and assembly."
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- A same day PJ Crowley State Department statement said:
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- "We are monitoring the situation in Egypt closely.
The United States supports the fundamental right of expression and assembly
of all people. All parties should exercise restraint, and we call on the
Egyptian authorities to handle these protests peacefully."
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- Secretary of State Clinton added:
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- "Our assessment is that the Egyptian government
is stable and is looking for ways to respond to the legitimate needs and
interests of the Egyptian people."
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- Don't be fooled. Her message is harsh and clear. Washington
tolerates no dissent and will help Egypt crush it brutally. In fact, working
with local police, Washington does it domestically against global justice
and other protests, including during 2000 and 2004 presidential political
party conventions brutally.
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- Media and Analyst Responses
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- On January 25, New York Times writers Kareen Fahim and
Mona-El-Naggar headlined, "Violent Clashes Mark Protests Against Mubarak's
Rule," saying:
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- "Tens of thousands of people demanding an end to
(his) 30-year rule....filled (Cairo, Alexandria, Suez, and other Egyptian
streets), in an unusually large and sometimes violent burst of civil unrest
that appeared to threaten the stability of one of" America's closest
regional allies.
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- Amr Hamzawy, Carnegie Middle East Center research director
said:
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- "The big, grand ideological narratives were not
seen today. This was not about 'Islam is the solution' or anything else."
It's about people fed up with a repressive, corrupt dictatorship, wanting
democracy, jobs and poverty relief. It's about Mubarak denying them for
decades.
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- Protest organizers coordinated online for a "Day
of Revolution against torture, poverty, corruption and unemployment,"
on a day honoring police used by dissidents to protest their brutality.
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- Drivers and others joined protesters, chanting, "The
people want the downfall of the regime....Freedom, freedom, freedom!"
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- According to American University of Cairo Professor Mustapha
Makel al-Sayyid:
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- "I think it is the beginning of (broader social
unrest). Some of the demonstrators are still in (Cairo's) Tahrir (Square)
and said they will not leave until their demands are met by the government."
After police forced them out, al-Sayyid added, "Their demands will
not be met....but they will not give up."
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- On January 26, London Independent long-time Middle East
observer Robert Fisk headlined, "A new truth dawns on the Arab world,"
saying:
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- "(T)he Egyptian people are calling for the downfall
of President Mubarak, and the Lebanese are appointing a (Hezbollah-allied)
prime minister....Rarely has the Arab world seen anything like this....(A)cross
the Middle East, we are waiting to see the downfall of America's friends.
In Egypt, Mr. Mubarak must be wondering where he flies to. In Lebanon,
America's friends are collapsing....We do not know what comes next."
Neither does Washington and regional despots, perhaps arranging their own
safe havens.
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- On January 25, Al Jazeera headlined, "Egypt protesters
clash with police," saying:
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- Some "hurl(ed) rocks and climb)ed) atop an armored
police truck" chanting anti-Mubarak slogans. Police responded with
water cannons, tear gas, and attacking crowds with batons. Several deaths
were reported and dozens of arrests. Al Jazeera's Rawya Rageh called the
protests "unprecedented," especially after authorities warned
about not emulating Tunisia, and Egypt bans all demonstrations without
permits rarely given - never for large numbers..
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- Egyptian blogger Hossam El Hamalawy spoke for many saying:
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- "We want a functioning government. We want Mubarak
to step down. We don't want emergency law. We don't want to live under
this kind of oppression anymore. Enough is enough. Things have to change
and if Tunisia can do it, why can't we?"
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- Online, a domino effect spread similar sentiment. El
Hamalawy said Facebook organizers wrote:
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- "People are fed up with Mubarak and his dictatorship
and his torture chambers and his failed economic policies. If Mubarak is
not overthrown tomorrow then it will be the day after. If it's not the
day after it's going to be next week."
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- Egypt's state-owned Al Ahram quoted Said Hossam Zaki,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman saying Egyptian demonstrations aren't
new, without explaining state restrictions or Mubarak's policy to target
dissent. Instead he said:
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- "It is incumbent on everyone to realize that there
is a new law against terrorism, which replaces the emergency law applied
until now, but what should be emphasized is that people who want to go
out to the streets to voice their demands" may do it.
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- Wednesday night, January 26, Al Jazeera reported "running
clashes throughout Cairo." More protests are expected as demonstrators
show "no signs of stopping so far."
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- Al Ahram also said 90 were arrested in Cairo, more elsewhere,
and many others targeted for investigations perhaps leading to imprisonment,
torture and death. An independent lawyer coalition reported six deaths
and said at least 1,200 were detained. For sure many more will be as protests
continue.
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- On January 25, University of Wisconsin Professor Seif
Da'Na headlined, "The Mideast: 'A New Era' from Cairo," saying:
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- "Repercussions of the Tunisia example will be deep
and significant and will be felt throughout the region. The uprising signifies
not only the failure of the neoliberal model that Arab regimes pursued,
but also the futility of political oppression to enforce this model in
the long run. The event signifies the beginning of a new era that must
be seen as a process of change and might lead to the creation of a new
region."
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- Possibilities are, in fact, breathtaking and broad, embracing
political, economic, and social demands "signifying the dead-end of
a system that employed excessive political oppression to enforce destructive
neoliberal economic policies. Privatizing the public sector essentially
reversed the post independence economic achievements of these countries,"
creating inequality and intolerable conditions for most people. Now they're
reacting, inspired by early Tunisia successes that continue demanding ouster
of all former government officials.
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- Most interim cabinet members, including acting Prime
Minister Mohamed Ghannouchi, are regime holdovers. For days, police showed
restraint. On January 24, they changed tactics with tear gas, razor wire
barriers, and other measures against protestors refusing to disperse, defying
curfew orders by camping out peacefully all night, demanding a new government.
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- Twenty-two year-old Othmene spoke for others, saying;
"We will stay here until the government resigns and runs away like
Ben Ali." Teachers and civil servants went on strike joining them,
assuring protests continue.
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- Potentially the entire region is affected. Other protests
erupted in Algeria, Yemen and Jordan, at times met with deadly force. On
January 22, AP said over a dozen people were killed in Algiers, Algeria's
capital. Protesters said dozens more were injured. Said Sadi, head of the
Rally for Culture and Democracy (RCD), said the group's leader, Othmane
Amazouz, was arrested.
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- On January 21, RCD, the Algerian League for the Defense
of Human Rights (LADDH), the Socialist Forces Front (FFS), and four trade
unions formed a national democracy movement for change.
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- In a region with endemic poverty, Yemen is the Arab world's
poorest country with extreme depravation and youth unemployment levels,
an explosive mix fueling unrest. On January 22, around 2,500 demonstrated
at the University of Sanaa. Others occurred in Aden, Lahj and elsewhere.
Police and military forces responded repressively with tear gas, live fire
and mortars, arresting dozens and causing at least one death.
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- On January 21, thousands protested in Amman and other
Jordanian cities demanding "bread and freedom," as well as ouster
of government officials, chanting: "(Prime Minister Samir) Rafia,
out, out! People of Jordan will not bow!"
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- Throughout the region, common interests drive protests,
including state repression, mass unemployment and poverty, rising food
and fuel prices, malnutrition, and for some starvation, a neoliberal caused
catastrophe erupting regionally for change.
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- Today, in the Middle East. Tomorrow perhaps globally
given growing levels of human depravation everywhere, including in developed
countries like America.
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- Stephen Lendman lives in Chicago and can be reached at
lendmanstephen@sbcglobal.net. Also visit his blog site at sjlendman.blogspot.com
and listen to cutting-edge discussions with distinguished guests on the
Progressive Radio News Hour on the Progressive Radio Network Thursdays
at 10AM US Central time and Saturdays and Sundays at noon. All programs
are archived for easy listening.
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- http://www.progressiveradionetwork.com/the-progressive-news-hour/.
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