- The success of Bush Vice Presidential running mate Richard
Cheney at leading Halliburton, Inc. to a five year $3.8 billion "pig-out"
on federal contracts and taxpayer-insured loans is only a partial indicator
of what may happen if the Bush ticket wins in two weeks. A closer look
at available research, including an August 2, 2000 report by the Center
for Public Integrity (CPI) at www.public-i.org, suggests that drug money
has played a role in the successes achieved by Halliburton under Cheney's
tenure as CEO from 1995 to 2000. This is especially true for Halliburton's
most famous subsidiary, heavy construction and oil giant, Brown and Root.
A deeper look into history reveals that Brown and Root's past as well as
the past of Dick Cheney himself, connect to the international drug trade
on more than one occasion and in more than one way.
-
- This June the lead Washington, D.C. attorney for a major
Russian oil company connected in law enforcement reports to heroin smuggling
and also a beneficiary of US backed loans to pay for Brown and Root contracts
in Russia, held a $2.2 million fund raiser to fill the already bulging
coffers of presidential candidate George W. Bush. This is not the first
time that Brown and Root has been connected to drugs and the fact is that
this "poster child" of American industry may also be a key player
in Wall Street's efforts to maintain domination of the half trillion dollar
a year global drug trade and its profits. And Dick Cheney, who has also
come closer to drugs than most suspect, and who is also Halliburton's largest
individual shareholder ($45.5 million), has a vested interest in seeing
to it that Brown and Root's successes continue.
-
- Of all American companies dealing directly with the U.S.
military and providing cover for CIA operations few firms can match the
global presence of this giant construction powerhouse which employs 20,000
people in more than 100 countries. Through its sister companies or joint
ventures, Brown and Root can build offshore oil rigs, drill wells, construct
and operate everything from harbors to pipelines to highways to nuclear
reactors. It can train and arm security forces and it can now also feed,
supply and house armies. One key beacon of Brown and Root's overwhelming
appeal to agencies like the CIA is that, from its own corporate web page,
it proudly announces that it has received the contract to dismantle aging
Russian nuclear tipped ICBMs in their silos.
-
- Furthermore, the relationships between key institutions,
players and the Bushes themselves suggest that under a George "W"
administration the Bush family and its allies may well be able, using Brown
and Root as the operational interface, to control the drug trade all the
way from Medellin to Moscow.
-
- Originally formed as a heavy construction company to
build dams, Brown and Root grew its operations via shrewd political contributions
to Senate candidate Lyndon Johnson in 1948. Expanding into the building
of oil platforms, military bases, ports, nuclear facilities, harbors and
tunnels, Brown and Root virtually underwrote LBJ's political career. It
prospered as a result, making billions on U.S. Government contracts during
the Vietnam War. The "Austin Chronicle" in an August 28 Op-ed
piece entitled "The Candidate From Brown and Root" labels Republican
Cheney as the political dispenser of Brown and Root's largesse. According
to political campaign records, during Cheney's five year tenure at Halliburton
the company's political contributions more than doubled to $1.2 million.
Not surprisingly, most of that money went to Republican candidates.
-
- Independent news service "newsmakingnews.com,"
also describes how in 1998, with Cheney as Chairman, Halliburton spent
$8.1 billion to purchase oil industry equipment and drilling supplier Dresser
Industries. This made Halliburton a corporation that will have a presence
in almost any future oil drilling operation anywhere in the world. And
it also brought back into the family fold the company that had once sent
a plane - also in 1948 - to fetch the new Yale Graduate George H.W. Bush,
to begin his career in the Texas oil business. Bush the elder's father,
Prescott, served as a Managing Director for the firm that once owned Dresser,
Brown Bothers Harriman.
-
- It is clear that everywhere there is oil there is Brown
and Root. But increasingly, everywhere there is war or insurrection there
is Brown and Root also. From Bosnia and Kosovo, to Chechnya, to Rwanda,
to Burma, to Pakistan, to Laos, to Vietnam, to Indonesia, to Iran to Libya
to Mexico to Colombia, Brown and Root's traditional operations have expanded
from heavy construction to include the provision of logistical support
for the U.S. military. Now, instead of U.S. Army quartermasters, the world
is likely to see Brown and Root warehouses storing and managing everything
from uniforms to rations to vehicles.
-
- Dramatic expansion of Brown and Root's operations in
Colombia also suggest Bush preparations for a war inspired feeding frenzy
as a part of "Plan Colombia." This is consistent with moves by
former Bush Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady to open a joint Colombian-American
investment partnership called Corfinsura for the financing of major construction
projects with the Colombian Antioquia Syndicate, headquartered in Medellin.
(See FTW June, 00). And expectations of a ground war in Colombia may explain
why, in a 2000 SEC filing, Brown and Root reported that in addition to
owning more than 800,000 square feet of warehouse space in Colombia, they
also lease another 122,000 square feet. According to the filing of the
Brown and Root Energy Services Group, the only other places where the company
maintains warehouse space are in Mexico (525,000 sq. feet), and the U.S.
(38,000) square feet.
-
- According to the web site of Colombia's Foreign Investment
Promotion Agency Brown and Root had no presence in the country until 1997.
What does Brown and Root, which, according to the AP has made more than
$2 billion supporting and supplying U.S. troops, know about Colombia that
the U.S. public does not? Why the need for almost a million square feet
of warehouse space that can be transferred from one Brown and Root operation
(energy) to another (military support) with the stroke of a pen?
-
-
- DRUGS
-
- As described by the Associated Press, during "Iran-Contra"
Congressman Dick Cheney of the House Intelligence Committee was a rabid
supporter of Marine Lt. Col. Oliver North. This was in spite of the fact
that North had lied to Cheney in a private 1986 White House briefing. Oliver
North's own diaries and subsequent investigations by the CIA Inspector
General have irrevocably tied him directly to cocaine smuggling during
the 1980s and the opening of bank accounts for one firm moving four tons
of cocaine a month. This, however, did not stop Cheney from actively supporting
North's 1994 unsuccessful run for the U.S. Senate from Virginia just a
year before he took over the reins at Brown and Root's parent company,
Dallas based Halliburton Inc. in 1995.
-
- As the Bush Secretary of Defense during Desert Shield/Desert
Storm (1990-91), Cheney also directed special operations involving Kurdish
rebels in northern Iran. The Kurds' primary source of income for more than
fifty years has been heroin smuggling from Afghanistan and Pakistan through
Iran, Iraq and Turkey. Having had some personal experience with Brown and
Root I noted carefully when the Los Angeles Times observed that on March
22, 1991 that a group of gunmen burst into the Ankara, Turkey offices of
the joint venture, Vinnell, Brown and Root and assassinated retired Air
Force Chief Master Sergeant John Gandy.
-
- In March of 1991, tens of thousands of Kurdish refugees,
long-time assets of the CIA, were being massacred by Sadam Hussein in the
wake of the Gulf War. Sadam, seeking to destroy any hopes of a successful
Kurdish revolt, found it easy to kill thousands of the unwanted Kurds who
had fled to the Turkish border seeking sanctuary. There, Turkish security
forces, trained in part by the Vinnell, Brown and Root partnership, turned
thousands of Kurds back into certain death. Today, the Vinnell Corporation
(a TRW Company) is, along with the firms MPRI and DynCorp (FTW June, 00)
one of the three pre-eminent private mercenary corporations in the world.
It is also the dominant entity for the training of security forces throughout
the Middle East. Not surprisingly the Turkish border regions in question
were the primary transhipment points for heroin, grown in Afghanistan and
Pakistan and destined for the markets of Europe.
-
- A confidential source with intelligence experience in
the region subsequently told me that the Kurds "got some payback against
the folks that used to help them move their drugs." He openly acknowledged
that Brown and Root and Vinnell both routinely provided NOC or non-official
cover for CIA officers. But I already knew that.
-
- From 1994 to 1999, during US military intervention in
the Balkans where, according to "The Christian Science Monitor"
and "Jane's Intelligence Review," the Kosovo Liberation Army
controls 70 per cent of the heroin entering Western Europe, Cheney's Brown
and Root made billions of dollars supplying U.S. troops from vast facilities
in the region. Brown and Root support operations continue in Bosnia, Kosovo
and Macedonia to this day.
-
- Dick Cheney's footprints have come closer to drugs than
one might suspect. The August Center for Public Integrity report brought
them even closer. It would be factually correct to say that there is a
direct linkage of Brown and Root facilities - often in remote and hazardous
regions - between every drug producing region and every drug consuming
region in the world. These coincidences, in and of themselves, do not prove
complicity in the trade. Other facts, however, lead inescapably in that
direction.
-
- A DIRECT DRUG LINK
-
- The CPI report entitled "Cheney Led Halliburton
To Feast at Federal Trough" written by veteran journalists Knut Royce
and Nathaniel Heller describes how, under five years of Cheney's leadership,
Halliburton, largely through subsidiary Brown and Root, enjoyed $3.8 billion
in federal contracts and taxpayer insured loans. The loans had been granted
by the Export-Import Bank (EXIM) and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
(OPIC). According to Ralph McGehee's "CIA Base (c)" both institutions
are heavily infiltrated by the CIA and routinely provide NOC to its officers.
-
- One of those loans to Russian financial/banking conglomerate
The Alfa Group of Companies contained $292 million to pay for Brown and
Root's contract to refurbish a Siberian oil field owned by the Russian
Tyumen Oil Company. The Alfa Group completed its 51% acquisition of Tyumen
Oil in what was allegedly a rigged bidding process in 1998. An official
Russian government report claimed that the Alfa Group's top executives,
oligarchs Mikhail Fridman and Pyotr Aven "allegedly participated in
the transit of drugs from Southeast Asia through Russia and into Europe."
-
- These same executives, Fridman and Aven, who reportedly
smuggled the heroin in connection with Russia's Solntsevo mob family were
the same ones who applied for the EXIM loans that Halliburton's lobbying
later safely secured. As a result Brown and Root's work in Alfa Tyumen
oil fields could continue - and expand.
-
- After describing how organized criminal interests in
the Alfa Group had allegedly stolen the oil field by fraud, the CPI story,
using official reports from the FSB (the Russian equivalent of the FBI),
oil companies such as BP-Amoco, former CIA and KGB officers and press accounts
then established a solid link to Alfa Tyumen and the transportation of
heroin.
-
- In 1995 sacks of heroin disguised as sugar were stolen
from a rail container leased by Alfa Echo and sold in the Siberian town
of Khabarovsk. A problem arose when many residents of the town became "intoxicated"
or "poisoned." The CPI story also stated, "The FSB report
said that within days of the incident, Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD)
agents conducted raids of Alfa Eko buildings and found 'drugs and other
compromising documentation.'
-
- "Both reports claim that Alfa Bank has laundered
drug funds from Russian and Colombian drug cartels.
-
- "The FSB document claims that at the end of 1993,
a top Alfa official met with Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela, the now imprisoned
financial mastermind of Colombia's notorious Cali cartel, 'to conclude
an agreement about the transfer of money into the Alfa Bank from offshore
zones such as the Bahamas, Gibraltar and others. The plan was to insert
it back into the Russian economy through the purchase of stock in Russian
companies.
-
- "... He [the former KGB agent] reported that there
was evidence 'regarding [Alfa Bank's] involvement with the money laundering
of... Latin American drug cartels."
-
- It then becomes harder for Cheney and Halliburton to
assert mere coincidence in all of this as CPI reported that Tyumen's lead
Washington attorney James C, Langdon, Jr. at the firm of Aikin Gump "helped
coordinate a $2.2 million fund raiser for Bush this June. He then agreed
to help recruit 100 lawyers and lobbyists in the capital to raise $25,000
each for W's campaign."
-
- The heroin mentioned in the CPI story, originated in
Laos where longtime Bush allies and covert warriors Richard Armitage and
retired CIA ADDO (Associate Deputy Director of Operations) Ted Shackley
have been repeatedly linked to the drug trade. It then made its way across
Southeast Asia to Vietnam, probably the port of Haiphong. Then the heroin
sailed to Russia's Pacific port of Valdivostok from whence it subsequently
bounced across Siberia by rail and thence by truck or rail to Europe, passing
through the hands of Russian Mafia leaders in Chechnya and Azerbaijan.
Chechnya and Azerbaijan are hotbeds of both armed conflict and oil exploration
and Brown and Root has operations all along this route.
-
- This long, expensive and tortured path was hastily established,
as described by FTW in previous issues, after President George Bush's personal
envoy Richard Armitage, holding the rank of Ambassador, had traveled to
the former Soviet Union to assist it with its "economic development"
in 1989. The obstacle then to a more direct, profitable and efficient route
from Afghanistan and Pakistan through Turkey into Europe was a cohesive
Yugoslavian/Serbian government controlling the Balkans and continuing instability
in the Golden Crescent of Pakistan/Afghanistan. Also, there was no other
way, using heroin from the Golden Triangle (Burma, Laos and Thailand),
to deal with China and India but to go around them.
-
- It is perhaps not by coincidence again that Cheney and
Armitage share membership in the prestigious Aspen Institute, an exclusive
bi-partisan research think tank, and also in the U.S. Azerbaijan Chamber
of Commerce. Just last November, in what may be a portent of things to
come, Armitage, played the role of Secretary of Defense in an practical
exercise at the Council on Foreign Relations where he and Cheney are also
both members. Speculation that the scandal plagued Armitage, who resigned
under a cloud as Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Reagan Administration,
is W's first choice for Secretary of Defense next year is widespread.
-
- The Clinton Administration took care of all that wasted
travel for heroin with the 1998 destruction of Serbia and Kosovo and the
installation of the KLA as a regional power. That opened a direct line
from Afghanistan to Western Europe and Brown and Root was right in the
middle of that too. The Clinton skill at streamlining drug operations
was described in detail in the May issue of FTW in a story entitled "The
Democratic Party's Presidential Drug Money Pipeline." That article
has since been reprinted in three countries. The essence of the drug economic
lesson was that by growing opium in Colombia and by smuggling both cocaine
and heroin from Colombia to New York City through the Dominican Republic
and Puerto Rico (a virtual straight line), traditional smuggling routes
could be shortened or even eliminated. This reduced both risk and cost,
increased profits and eliminated competition.
-
- FTW suspects the hand of Medellin co-founder Carlos Lehder
in this process and it is interesting to note that Lehder, released from
prison under Clinton in 1995, is now active in both the Bahamas and South
America. Lehder was known during the eighties as "The genius of transportation."
I can well imagine a Dick Cheney, having witnessed the complete restructuring
of the global drug trade in the last eight years, going to George W and
saying, "Look, I know how we can make it even better." One thing
is for certain. As quoted in the CPI article, one Halliburton Vice President
noted that if the Bush-Cheney ticket was elected, "the company's government
contracts would obviously go through the roof."
-
- THE DARK PAST
-
- In July of 1977 this writer, then a Los Angeles Police
officer struggled to make sense of a world gone haywire. In a last ditch
effort to salvage a relationship with my fiancée, Nordica Theodora
D'Orsay (Teddy), a CIA contract agent, I had traveled to find her in
New Orleans. On a hastily arranged vacation, secured with the blessing
of my Commanding Officer, Captain Jesse Brewer of LAPD, I had gone on my
own, unofficially, to avoid the scrutiny of LAPD's Organized Crime Intelligence
Division (OCID).
-
- Starting in the late spring of 1976 Teddy had wanted
me to join her operations from within the ranks of LAPD. I had refused
to get involved with drugs in any way and everything she mentioned seemed
to involve either heroin or cocaine along with guns that she was always
moving out of the country. The Director of the CIA then was George Herbert
Walker Bush.
-
- Although officially on staff at the LAPD Academy at the
time, I had been unofficially loaned to OCID since January when Teddy,
announcing the start of a new operation planned in the fall of 1976 had
suddenly disappeared. She left many people, including me, baffled and twisting
in the breeze. The OCID detectives had been pressuring me hard for information
about her and what I knew of her activities. It was information I could
not give them. Hoping against hope that I would find some way to understand
her involvement with CIA, LAPD, the royal family of Iran, the Mafia and
drugs I set out alone into eight days of Dantean revelations that have
determined the course of my life from that day to this.
-
- Arriving in New Orleans in early July, 1977 I found her
living in an apartment across the river in Gretna. Equipped with scrambler
phones, night vision devices and working from sealed communiqués
delivered by naval and air force personnel from nearby Belle Chasse Naval
Air Station, Teddy was involved in something truly ugly. She was arranging
for large quantities of weapons to be loaded onto ships leaving for Iran.
At the same time she was working with Mafia associates of New Orleans Mafia
boss Carlos Marcello to coordinate the movement of service boats that were
bringing large quantities of heroin into the city. The boats arrived at
Marcello controlled docks, unmolested by even the New Orleans police she
introduced me to, along with divers, military men, former Green Berets
and CIA personnel.
-
- The service boats were retrieving the heroin from oil
rigs in the Gulf of Mexico, oil rigs in international waters, oil rigs
built and serviced by Brown and Root. The guns that Teddy monitored, apparently
Vietnam era surplus AK 47s and M16s, were being loaded onto ships also
owned or leased by Brown and Root. And more than once during the eight
days I spent in New Orleans I met and ate at restaurants with Brown and
Root employees who were boarding those ships and leaving for Iran within
days. Once, while leaving a bar and apparently having asked the wrong question,
I was shot at in an attempt to scare me off.
-
- Disgusted and heart broken at witnessing my fiancée
and my government smuggling drugs, I ended the relationship. Returning
home to LA I made a clean breast and reported all the activity I had seen,
including the connections to Brown and Root, to LAPD intelligence officers.
They promptly told me that I was crazy. Forced out of LAPD under threat
of death at the end of 1978, I made complaints to LAPD's Internal Affairs
Division and to the LA office of the FBI under the command of FBI SAC Ted
Gunderson. I and my attorney wrote to the politicians, the Department of
Justice, the CIA and contacted the L.A. Times. The FBI and the LAPD said
that I was crazy.
-
- According to a 1981 two-part news story in the "Los
Angeles Herald Examiner" it was revealed that The FBI had taken Teddy
into custody and then released her before classifying their investigation
without further action. Former New Orleans Crime Commissioner Aaron Cohen
told reporter Randall Sullivan that he found my description of events perfectly
plausible after his thirty years of studying Louisiana's organized crime
operations.
-
- To this day a CIA report prepared as a result of my complaint
remains classified and exempt from release pursuant to Executive Order
of the President in the interests of national security and because it would
reveal the identities of CIA agents.
-
- On October 26, 1981, in the basement of the West Wing
of the White House, I reported on what I had seen in New Orleans to my
friend and UCLA classmate Craig Fuller. Craig Fuller went on to become
Chief of Staff to Vice President Bush from 1981 to 1985.
-
- In 1982, then UCLA political science professor Paul Jabber,
filled in many of the pieces in my quest to understand what I had seen
in New Orleans. He was qualified to do so because he had served as a CIA
and State Department consultant to the Carter administration. Paul explained
that, after a 1975 treaty between the Shah of Iran and Sadam Hussein the
Shah had cut off all overt military support for Kurdish rebels fighting
Sadam from the north of Iraq. In exchange the Shah had gained access to
the Shat al-Arab waterway so that he could multiply his oil exports and
income. Not wanting to lose a long-term valuable asset in the Kurds, the
CIA had then used Brown and Root, which operated in both countries and
maintained port facilities in the Persian Gulf and near Shat al-Arab to
rearm the Kurds. The whole operation had been financed with heroin. Paul
was matter-of-fact about it.
-
- In 1983 Paul Jabber left UCLA to become a Vice President
of Banker's Trust and Chairman of the Middle East Department of the Council
on Foreign Relations.
-
- ----------
-
- If one is courageous enough to seek an "operating
system" that theoretically explains what FTW has just described for
you, one need look no further than a fabulous two-part article in "Le
Monde Diplomatique" in April of this year. The brilliant stories,
focusing heavily on drug capital are titled "Crime, The World's Biggest
Free Enterprise." The brilliant and penetrating words of authors Christian
de Brie and Jean de Maillard do a better job of explaining the actual world
economic and political situation than anything that I have ever read.
-
- De Brie writes, "By allowing capital to flow unchecked
from one end of the world to the other, globalization and abandon of sovereignty
have together fostered the explosive growth of an outlaw financial market...
-
- "It is a coherent system closely linked to the expansion
of modern capitalism and based on an association of three partners: governments,
transnational corporations and mafias. Business is business: financial
crime is first and foremost a market, thriving and structured, ruled by
supply and demand.
-
- "Big business complicity and political laisser faire
is the only way that large-scale organized crime can launder and recycle
the fabulous proceeds of its activities. And the transnationals need the
support of governments and the neutrality of regulatory authorities in
order to consolidate their positions, increase their profits, withstand
and crush the competition, pull off the "deal of the century"
and finance their illicit operations. Politicians are directly involved
and their ability to intervene depends on the backing and the funding that
keep them in power. This collusion of interests is an essential part of
the world economy, the oil that keeps the wheels of capitalism turning."
-
- After confronting CIA Director John Deutch on world television
on November 15, 1996 I was interviewed by the staffs of both the Senate
and House Intelligence Committees. I prepared written testimony for Senate
Intelligence which I submitted although I was never called to testify.
In every one of those interviews and in my written testimony and in every
lecture since that time I have told the story of Brown and Root. I will
tell it again at the USC School of International Relations on December
the 8th, 2000 - regardless of who wins the election.
-
-
- Michael C. Ruppert www.copvcia.com
-
-
- Sources:
-
- - The Center for Public Integrity, "Cheney Led Halliburton
to Feast at
- Federal Trough", Knut Royce & Nathaniel Heller,
- http://www.public-i.org/story_01_080200.htm
- - "Le Monde - Diplomatique", April 2000.
- - The U.S. Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce
- - The Aspen Institute, www.aspeninst.org
- - "The Austin Chronicle", August 28, 2000
- - The Associated Press, "Study: US Could Save Cost
in Balkans" - 10/10/00
- - The Associated Press, "Cheney, North Relationship
Probed" - 8/11/00
- - "The New York Times" Index
- - The Council on Foreign Relations
- - "The Unauthorized Biography of George Bush"
- Webster Tarpley & Anton
- Chaitkin
- - "CIA Base" (c) 1992, Ralph McGehee
- - CIA Inspector General Report of Investigation: Allegations
of Connections
- Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to
the United States.
- Volume II: The Contra Story - Report 96-0143-IG.
- - www.newsmakingnews.com , 27 August 2000, "The
Dick Cheney Data Dump"
- - Securities and Exchange Commission - "Edgar"
Data base.
- - Halliburton/Brown and Root - www.Halliburton.com/brs
- - The Vinnell Corporation - www.Vinnell.com
- - "The New York Press," 8/1/00
- - "The Los Angeles Times," March 23, 1991.
- - "The Los Angeles Herald Examiner:, Oct. 11 &
18, 1981
- - "The Christian Science Monitor" - Oct. 20,
1994
- - "Jane's Intelligence Review" - February 1,
1995.
- - Written testimony of Michael C. Ruppert for the Senate
Select Committee on
- Intelligence dated 10/1/97 - http://www.copvcia.com/ssci.htm
- - "From The Wilderness" (4/99, 4/00, 6/00)
-
-
- (c) Copyright 2000, Michael C. Ruppert and "From
The Wilderness"
- Publications, P.O. Box 6061-350, Sherman Oaks, CA 91413,
818-788-8791,
- www.copvcia.com. All Rights Reserved. - Permission to
reprint for non-profit
- only is hereby granted as long as proper sourcing appears.
For all other
- permissions contact mruppert@copvcia.com.
-
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