- Caption: Pictures such as this, taken by the Leonid Kulik
expedition in 1930, show the directional fall of trees over a wide area.
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- An Explanation that Works
-
- (It seems that scientific investigation has left the
mystery of the fiery Tunguska explosion unresolved. From the beginning,
the debate excluded the electric force, the one force that allows for a
unified solution and excludes no field of evidence.)
-
- Proponents of the "Electric Universe" ask that
this new perspective on the physical world be judged by its predictive
ability, and its ability to explain all relevant data. In accounting for
the Tunguska event they insist that, unlike prior "explanations",
the Electric Universe does not leave a substantial body of evidence unexplained.
-
- The extraordinary power of the high-energy explosion
above ground.
-
- The most likely origin of the object that caused the
Tunguska event is the short-period comet Encke, the acknowledged source
of the Beta Taurid meteor shower. On June 30, the shower was at its peak.
In the electric model of comets (Link: http://www.holoscience.com/news.php?article=uf4ty065),
the energy released when a comet fragment encounters the Earth is not limited
by the mass and kinetic energy of the fragment, but includes the electrical
energy due to the charge differential between it and the Earth. This stored
electrical energy also accounts for the "astonishing" explosion
that occurred when the Deep Impact probe met up with Comet Tempel 1 (Link:
http://www.holoscience.com/news.php?article=uf4ty065). Calculations of
the mass and size of the Tunguska bolide, based solely on mechanical considerations,
will be exaggerated. This, of course, has implications when searching for
fragments that survived the fall.
-
- Repeated testimony of strange sounds before the event.
-
- In terms of the speed of sound in Earth's atmosphere,
the reports of weird sounds in advance appear absurd. But they are entirely
plausible as "electrophonic sounds" heard either before, or simultaneous
with, the sighting of brilliant meteor fireballs up to 100km distant. Electrophonic
sounds signify the direct conversion, by transduction, of very low frequency
electromagnetic energy into audible sounds (through a medium that can be
as simple as a gold tooth filling or a pair of glasses). Abundant reports
of peculiar sounds in connection with meteors, auroras, earthquakes and
even nuclear bomb tests are sufficient to substantiate the effect. The
cause is most easily understood as a natural resonance of an extensive
plasma discharge in the Earth's atmosphere (or underground in the case
of earthquakes). In the case of an approaching comet, the incoming body
is electrified with respect to the Earth.
-
- The glowing of the sky before the event.
-
- In the electric solar system, the planets and all comets
have plasma sheaths that isolate them electrically from the solar plasma.
When two plasma sheaths "touch", the two bodies "see"
each other electrically for the first time. Comets have plasma sheaths
that are millions of kilometers in diameter. So even at their high speed
their electrical effect could be felt days in advance of a physical encounter.
In such instances, the electrical effect upon the Earth may take the form
of unusual auroral displays. The prior "sky glows" associated
with Tunguska could also be due to cometary fragments, lying along the
comet's orbit in advance of the comet nucleus, entering the stratosphere
and reflecting sunlight long after sunset. Of course, a simple "asteroidal"
explanation of Tunguska cannot address either this phenomenon, or any of
the other advanced signs of the intruder's approach (noted below).
-
- Reports of strange weather before the event.
-
- In an electric solar system electric currents flowing
between the solar plasma and the planets are the primary factors driving
Earth's weather patterns. In fact, the most violent winds occur on planets
most distant from the Sun, where solar heating is negligible. Ice-cold
Neptune, the gas giant farthest from Earth, has 2,000 km/h winds! When
seen in these terms, it becomes clear that an electrical disturbance might
be evident in the form of unusual weather days before the arrival of a
comet.
-
- Reports of strange seismic activity before the event.
-
- New evidence links earthquakes to the occurrence of "underground
lightning" (Link: http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/051221earthquake.htm).
A minor electrical disturbance of the Earth, due to the intrusion of a
charged body, could indeed trigger earthquakes, in the same way that electrical
sunspot activity influences earthquakes.
-
- Geomagnetic effects before the event.
-
- Professor Weber of Kiel University observed unusual regular
periodic deviations of the compass needle. This effect was repeated each
evening from 27 June through 30 June 1908. The recordings looked like geomagnetic
storms, usually associated with solar electrical activity. This time the
approaching comet was the most likely source of the electrical disturbance.
The duration of the storms indicates that comets are a copious source of
electrons. That is, comets are highly negatively charged with respect to
the inner solar system. Their influence can be vastly greater than mere
gravitational and inertial considerations would suggest.
-
- Global atmospheric pressure pulse.
-
- The Earth's atmosphere forms the dielectric of a capacitor
with the two "plates" of the capacitor being the Earth and the
ionosphere (Link: http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2004/arch/040927earth-capacitor.htm).
The comet's electrical disturbance will cause pressure pulses in the atmosphere
before the comet arrives as well as upon arrival. It is noteworthy in this
respect that a giant ionospheric disturbance accompanied the magnitude
9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004. The ionosphere moved up and
down by about 40 km! (Link: http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2005GL023963.shtml)
And changes in the ionosphere have been registered 5 to 10 days before
an earthquake.
-
- Missing crater.
-
- At a comet's closest approach, a plasma discharge takes
place between the Earth and the comet. The comet is fragmented explosively
by internal electrical stresses, and all of the fragments may be melted
or vaporized in a plasma discharge so that no impact crater is formed.
An interesting fact is that the Tunguska epicenter almost exactly coincides
with the muzzle of a Triassic volcano (Link: http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0311337).
Volcanoes are the focus of electric discharge activity and may retain an
electrical conductivity different from that of the surrounding crust. This
fact can only accentuate the argument that the blast was electrical.
-
- Absence of meteoric fragments.
-
- If we had to rely on the fireball and air friction alone
to heat the bolide or to break it apart, we should expect to find stony
remnants. However, as noted above, most or all of the comet fragments will
be melted and vaporized in the plasma discharge. Also, "ground zero"
is the focus of the plasma discharge between the Earth and the comet. It
is not the site of any impact and we should not expect to find cometary
fragments there.
-
- Instantaneous eruption of fire across hundreds of square
kilometers.
-
- The plasma discharge between the comet and the Earth
would have had many strange effects in the atmosphere and at ground level
unlike anything ever experienced by the inhabitants. In addition to fires
started by radiation from the fireball, electrically ignited fires would
have been started at the same instant over a wide area.
-
- Frightful lightning and thunder in the midst of the firestorm.
-
- Unusual lightning, such as St. Elmo's fire and ball lightning
would have been generated at the Earth's surface. Lightning would have
struck from a clear blue sky. (See addendum to this discussion below.)
-
- Blast of heat along with a shock wave many kilometers
away from the explosion.
-
- Wherever the discharges touch down there will be sudden
heating of the air and a blast. Touchdown points may be a considerable
distance from the bolide's track and the explosion center.
-
- Presence of microscopic glassy spherules over a large
area.
-
- The final result of the explosive fragmentation, melting
and vaporization of the bolide will be a spray of glassy spherules beyond
the point where the main plasma discharge and explosion took place. The
creation of spherules by electric discharge and electrical fusing, a common
effect of lightning, is now well demonstrated in the laboratory (Link:
http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/050325blueberries.htm).
-
- Almost 100 years after the event, the specialists are
still debating whether the exploding object was a comet or an asteroid.
Conventional proponents of the comet explanation note the presence of cometary
material in the ground over a wide area. Proponents of the asteroid or
meteor hypothesis say that a fragile comet would be destroyed too high
in the atmosphere. The debate is entirely irrelevant from an electrical
vantage point. Comets, asteroids, and meteors have the same origins and
are formed in the same way. It is the contemporary mythology of comets
that suggests they are fragile "icy dirtballs." An asteroid large
enough to hold its charge while moving on a highly elliptical (comet-like
orbit) through the Sun's electric field, would become a comet irrespective
of its composition. In fact, we have an instance of this occurring when
the asteroid Chiron, on a chaotic orbit between Saturn and Uranus, unexpectedly
sported a tail and became classified as a comet.
-
- In considering theories of the Tunguska event, certain
questions must be asked without prejudice. Does a proposed explanation
address all of the facts? Are the facts predictable under the proposed
explanation? Is there anything we should expect to find that has not been
found? The electric theorists are confident that, if official science will
withdraw its investment in a discredited, electrically sterile view of
the physical universe, the answers to these questions will be obvious.
-
- ADDENDUM
-
- In the case of the Tunguska event, some of the most compelling
evidence comes from those who experienced the terror first hand. In 1928,
I. M. Suslov recorded the following testimony from a member of Shanyagir
tribe (this taken from the Wikipedia site)-
-
- "We had a hut by the river with my brother Chekaren.
We were sleeping. Suddenly we both woke up at the same time. Somebody shoved
us. We heard whistling and felt strong wind. Chekaren said, "can you
hear all those birds flying overhead?" We were both in the hut, couldn't
see what was going on outside. Suddenly, I got shoved again, this time
so hard I fell into the fire. I got scared. Chekaren got scared too. We
started crying for out father, mother, brother, but no one answered.
-
- "There was noise beyond the hut, we could hear trees
falling down. Me and Chekaren got out of our sleeping bags and wanted to
run out, but then the thunder struck. This was the first thunder. The Earth
began to move and rock, wind hit our hut and knocked it over. My body was
pushed down by sticks, but my head was in the clear. Then I saw a wonder:
trees were falling, the branches were on fire, it became mighty bright,
how can I say this, as if there was a second sun, my eyes were hurting,
I even closed them. It was like what the Russians call lightning. And immediately
there was a loud thunderclap. This was the second thunder. The morning
was sunny, there were no clouds, our Sun was shining brightly as usual,
and suddenly there came a second one!
-
- Me and Chekaren had some difficulty getting under from
the remains of our hut. Then we saw that above, but in a different place,
there was another flash, and loud thunder came. This was the third thunder
strike. Wind came again, knocked us off our feet, struck against the fallen
trees.
-
- "We looked at the fallen trees, watched the tree
tops get snapped off, watched the fires. Suddenly Chekaren yelled "Look
up" and pointed with his hand. I looked there and saw another flash,
and it made another thunder. But the noise was less than before. This was
the fourth strike, like normal thunder.
-
- "Now I remember well there was also one more thunder
strike, but it was small, and somewhere far away, where the Sun goes to
sleep".
-
- ----------------------------
-
- Thanks to Wallace Thornhill (www.holoscience.com) for
much of the scientific content of this series.
-
- UPDATE ON "DEEP IMPACT", INCLUDING NASA'S ANNOUNCEMENT
OF SURFACE WATER ON COMET TEMPEL I, SCHEDULED FOR THE WEEK OF FEBRUARY
10. "Picture of the Day", Thunderbolts.info
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