- There is no doubt that AIDS erupted in the U.S. shortly
after government-sponsored hepatitis B vaccine experiments (1978-1981)
using gay men as guinea pigs. The epidemic was caused by the "introduction"
of a new retrovirus (the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV for short);
and the introduction of a new herpes-8 virus, the virus that causes Kaposi's
sarcoma, widely known as the "gay cancer" of AIDS. The taboo
theory that AIDS is a man-made disease is largely based on research showing
an intimate connection between government vaccine experiments and the outbreak
of "the gay plague"
-
- The widely accepted theory is that HIV/AIDS originated
in a monkey or chimpanzee virus that "jumped species" in Africa.
However, it is clear that the first AIDS cases were recorded in gay men
in Manhattan in 1979, a few years before the epidemic was first noticed
in Africa in 1982. It is now claimed that the human herpes-8 virus (also
called the KS virus), discovered in 1994, also originated when a primate
herpes virus jumped species in Africa. How two African species-jumping
viruses ended up exclusively in gay men in Manhattan beginning in the late
1970s has never been satisfactorily explained.
-
- Researchers who claim AIDS is a man-made disease believe
it is much more likely that these two primate viruses were introduced and
spread during the government's recruitment of thousands of male homosexuals
beginning in 1974.
-
- Large numbers of gay men in Manhattan donated blood for
the experimental hepatitis B vaccine trial, which took place at the New
York Blood Center in Manhattan in 1978. Extensive evidence supporting the
man-made theory of AIDS is easily found on the Internet by Googling: man-made
origin of AIDS; and in my two books, "AIDS and the Doctors of Death"
and "Queer Blood: The Secret AIDS Genocide Plot."
-
- Government interest in "gay health" before
the AIDS epidemic
-
 Beginning in the mid-1970s, government
scientists became interested in the health of gay men, particularly in
the realm of sexually-transmitted diseases, and specifically in the sexual
transmission of the hepatitis B virus. The early 1970s was a time when
large numbers of gays come out of the closet and identified themselves
as homosexuals at government-sponsored health clinics. Organizations such
as the Gay Men's Health Project were formed at this time. Promiscuous gays
were avidly sought as volunteers to test the efficacy of a newly-developed
hepatitis B vaccine manufactured by Merck and the National Institutes of
Health (NIH).
-
- By 1977 over 13,000 Manhattan gays were screened to secure
the final 1083 men who would serve as guinea pigs to test the hepatitis
B vaccine. The vaccine was manufactured from the combined plasma of 30
highly selected gay men who carried the hepatitis B virus in their blood.
Developed over a period of 65 weeks during 1977-1978 and tested for six
months in chimpanzees (the primate in which HIV is thought to have originated),
the first group of gay men were inoculated at the New York Blood Center
in November 1978.
-
- That same year a final cohort of 6875 homosexual men
at the San Francisco City Clinic was assembled to study hepatitis B virus
sexual transmission in that city. By the end of the decade gays in clinics
in Los Angeles, Denver, Chicago, and St. Louis, also came under surveillance
by the Centers for Disease Control. An additional 1402 volunteers were
finally selected to participate in similar vaccine experiments in those
cities beginning in March 1980.
-
- Before 1978 there was no stored blood anywhere in the
U.S. that tested positive for HIV or the KS virus. There were no cases
of AIDS and no cases of "gay cancer" in young men.
- The first cases of AIDS appeared shortly after the experiment
began in Manhattan. In June 1981 the epidemic became official and was quickly
labeled the "gay related immune deficiency syndrome", later
known as AIDS.
-
- The gay community was the most hated minority in America.
After the experiments ended, the gay community was decimated by the "gay
plague." In the first years of AIDS, the epidemic was largely ignored
by the government (see Randy Shilt's best-seller, "And the Band Played
On") and the disease was blamed on gay anal sex, drugs, and promiscuity.
Gays were immediately labeled "high risk."
-
- In my view, what made gay men "high risk" was
the fact that they were the exclusive volunteers for government medical
experiments that undoubtedly put them at "high risk." The evidence
for this conclusion is outlined in this report. Further evidence can be
obtained from abstracts of scientific reports available on the Internet
at the PubMed website of the National Library of Medicine.
-
- The gay hepatitis B experiments (1978-1981)
-
- The experimental hepatitis B vaccine injected into gays
was unlike any other vaccine previously made. As stated, it was developed
in chimpanzees and manufactured in a year-long process of sterilization
and purification of the pooled blood of 30 gay men who were hepatitis B
virus carriers.
-
- The final group of 1083 selected for the first experiment
at the Blood Center were inoculated from November 1978 until October 1979.
At one point, there was great concern that the vaccine might be contaminated.
According to June Goodfield's Quest for the Killers, p 86, "This was
no theoretical fear, contamination having been suspected in one batch made
by the National Institutes of Health, though never in Merck's." Each
gay man was given three inoculations of the vaccine over a period of three
months. The vaccine proved successful with 96% of the men developing protective
antibodies against the hepatitis B virus.
-
- It has been assumed by some that these men might have
been already immunosuppressed due to promiscuity and venereal disease.
Although the young men in the study were indeed "promiscuous"
(this was a requirement for entrance into the study), they were in excellent
health. Despite many previous sexual partners, these volunteers had never
been infected with the hepatitis B virus, which was a requirement for participation
in the experiment. Furthermore, the 96% success rate would not have been
accomplished if the men were immunosuppressed, because such people often
do not respond to the vaccine.
- When Robert Gallo's blood test for HIV became available
in the mid-1980s, the New York Blood Center's stored gay blood specimens
were reexamined. Most astonishing is the fact that 20% of the gay men who
volunteered for the hepatitis B experiment in Manhattan were discovered
to be HIV-positive in 1980 (one year before the AIDS epidemic became "official"
in 1981). This signifies that Manhattan gays in 1980 had the highest incidence
of HIV anywhere in the world, including Africa, the supposed birthplace
of HIV and AIDS. In addition, we now know that one out of five gay men
(20%) tested positive for the new KS herpes-8 virus in 1982 when stored
blood samples from an AIDS trial in New York City were re-examined by epidemiologists
at the NCI in 1999.
-
- Never mentioned by AIDS historians is the fact that the
New York Blood Center established a chimp virus laboratory for viral vaccine
research in West Africa in 1974. One of the purposes of VILAB II, in Robertsfield,
Liberia, was to develop the hepatitis B vaccine in chimps. The lab also
prides itself by releasing "rehabilitated" (but virus-infected)
chimps back into the wild, perhaps accounting for some of the ancestors
of HIV and the KS virus found in the jungle by some government researchers.
- The Virus Cancer Program and the birth of AIDS
- In the decade before AIDS the Virus Cancer Program (1968-1980),
sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, attempted to prove that
viruses caused human cancer. Ultimately the Program was unsuccessful in
providing proof, yet it succeeded in building up the field of animal retrovirology,
which led to a more complete understanding of how cancer-causing and immunosuppressive
viruses in animals might cause disease in humans. The VCP was also the
birthplace of genetic engineering, molecular biology, and the human genome
project. As the VCP was winding down in the late 1970s, the gay experiments
began in New York City.
-
- The introduction of HIV and the KS herpes virus into
gay men during this period (along with some "novel" and now-patented
mycoplasmas discovered at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology) miraculously
revived the career of Robert Gallo and made him the most famous virologist
in the world. And, of course, turned the "failure" of the VCP
into a triumph by providing proof that these primate-derived viruses could
cause disease in humans.
-
- The fear of the hepatitis B vaccine
-
- When AIDS began there were scattered reports in the medical
journals questioning whether the "gay plague" might have its
origin in the hepatitis B experiments. It was well-known in medical circles
that the vaccine was made from the pooled plasma of gay men - and there
was fear that the AIDS agent might be in the vaccine. As a result, when
the hepatitis B commercial vaccine became available in July 1982, many
people refused to be injected with it.
-
- The fear of the vaccine was readily admitted by the CDC.
Nevertheless, in detailed reports the CDC concluded that the vaccine was
safe. Although it was clear the hepatitis B vaccine eliminated all "known"
viruses, this obviously did not apply to "unknown" viruses at
the time, such as HIV and the KS virus.
-
- After HIV was discovered in 1984 some of the vaccine
was retested and declared free of HIV. Of course, it was impossible to
say whether the vaccine contained the KS virus, because this virus was
undiscovered until 1994. I am unaware of any subsequent testing of the
vaccine for this herpes KS virus.
-
- Possible contamination problems with the hepatitis vaccine
was the impetus that led Luc Montagnier to hunt for a virus in the new
gay disease in the autumn of 1982. He began testing batches of human plasma
for "reverse transcriptase activity", a biochemical sign indicating
the possible presence of a retrovirus. (See page 46 of his book "Virus").
Montagnier's research eventually led to the first discovery of the AIDS
virus at the Pasteur Institute in Paris.
-
- Although the CDC and the New York Blood Center claimed
it was safe, many health professionals refused the hepatitis B vaccine.
In 1985, only 23 out of 162 Rhode Island dentists agreed to take the vaccine
because of concerns about AIDS. As late as 1990, 13 out of 14 black nurses
at a university hospital refused to take the vaccine for the same reason.
-
- The fate of the gay men in the gay experiments
-
- The purpose of the gay experiments was to test a vaccine
that could immunize people against hepatitis B virus. Infection with this
virus could lead to severe liver disease and sometimes to liver cancer.
Ironically, an unprecedented explosion of cancer took place in male homosexuals
after the experiment. Reports of the fate of these men attest to the fact
that participating in the government's experiments was clearly injurious
to the health of gay men.
-
- Significantly, there were no reported blood specimens
anywhere in the U.S. that were HIV-positive prior to the epidemic in 1979,
except in the samples stored at the NYBC.
- In a May 12, 1983, letter to the editor of The New England
Journal of Medicine, Cladd Stevens (who supervised the NYBC experiment)
wrote : "No cases haves occurred in the vaccine recipients from populations
at low risk of AIDS, and there is no excess incidence in the high-risk
population." But this proved to be incorrect in later reports co-authored
by Stevens.
-
- In a 1985 report Cladd Stevens et al. claimed that seven
men (out of 1083) were HIV-positive before they received either vaccine
or placebo. If true, this indicates that HIV (and possibly the KS virus)
was already present in the blood of Manhattan homosexuals and could have
contaminated the pooled blood of gays whose plasma was used to make the
vaccine in 1977.
-
- As stated previously, a 1986 report in JAMA showed 20%
of the men in the experiment were already infected with HIV by the end
of 1981; and by 1984, more than 40% of the men were HIV-positive and doomed
to death.
-
- Another follow-up study of 8,906 gay men who donated
blood for the hepatitis experiments in Manhattan was released in 1992.
Statistical analysis of this group showed that mortality rates for men
aged 25-44 began to rise in the 1980s, with AIDS the leading cause of death
among young men in New York City. Remarkably, "The all-cause mortality
in this cohort in 1988 was 24 times higher that the mortality rate in the
cohort before the beginning of the AIDS epidemic."
-
- Was the hepatitis B vaccine contaminated with HIV and
the KS virus?
-
- Largely forgotten in AIDS history is the hepatitis B
vaccine trial that also took place with 685 gay Dutch volunteers in Amsterdam
between November 1980 and December 1981. Unlike the American vaccine makers,
the Dutch researchers heated their experimental hepatitis B vaccine for
added safety.
-
- A 1986 report of the trial clearly states the AIDS virus
"was not transmitted by the heat inactivated hepatitis B vaccine."
Of the 685 participants, five were already infected with HIV when the trial
began. The researchers theorized that HIV entered the Dutch gay population
at the end of the 1970s.
-
- Another follow-up Dutch report of this trial in 1993
again suggests the efficacy of heating the vaccine for safety. (The experimental
vaccine was not heated in the U.S. until after all the gay experiments
were completed.) At the end of 1982, one year after the Dutch experiment
had ended, only As stated previously, a 1986 report in JAMA showed 20%
of the men in the experiment were already infected with HIV by the end
of 1981; and by 1984, more than 40% of the men were HIV-positive and doomed
to death.
-
- 7.5% of the Amsterdam men were infected. In contrast,
26.8% of the men in the New York experiment were HIV-positive; and a whopping
42.6% of the San Francisco men were HIV-positive. These statistics showing
many men infected in the American trials in 1982 further prove that Cladd
Stevens of the NYBC, and the CDC, were incorrect in declaring there was
no excess incidence of AIDS in the "high-risk" gay male population.
- The fate of all the men who participated in the hepatitis
B vaccine trials in six U.S cities has never been revealed. However, it
is likely from the statistics presented in JAMA in 1986 that many, if not
most, of the men eventually died of AIDS. The actual number of AIDS deaths
has never been revealed, nor have the individual medical records been studied.
Attempts to secure this information have been rebuffed by the Blood Center,
due to the "confidential" nature of the experiment.
-
- "Gay Cancer" and the origin of AIDS
- After the introduction of HIV and the KS virus into the
U.S. gay male population in the late 1970s, the incidence of KS skyrocketed.
-
- A 1989 report by Biggar found no cases of KS in young
men in New York City during the years 1973-1976. But by 1985 the incidence
of KS in "never-married men" in Manhattan had increased 1850
times. In San Francisco the rate of KS increased over 2000 times!
-
- KS is now 20,000 times more common in AIDS patients than
in the general population. A 1985 autopsy study by Lee Moskowitz of 52
AIDS cases (23 Haitians, 19 gays, 5 intravenous drug abusers, 2 hemophiliacs,
and 3 persons at unknown risk) showed that 94% of AIDS patients from the
various risk groups had internal KS. The CDC claims KS now occurs in only
15% of gay men (down from 30% at the beginning of the epidemic), but these
statistics are not based on current autopsy studies
-
- KS was never a sexually-transmitted disease before the
introduction of HIV into gays. For a century after the first reported KS
cases were discovered in Vienna in 1872, there was no evidence that KS
could be transmitted from person-to-person.
-
- By 1950, a more aggressive "endemic" form of
KS was uncovered in African blacks. Still, there was no evidence the disease
was transmissible or contagious. Suddenly with the introduction of HIV
into the homosexual community, scientists began to view KS as a contagious
"gay cancer" out of Africa.
-
- The new KS virus is closely related to a monkey tumor
virus, known as herpes virus saimiri, that was extensively studied by researchers
in the VCP in the decade before the epidemic. Initially found only in KS
from AIDS patients, the new KS virus has also been found in non-AIDS-related
KS tumors and in other forms of cancer, such as lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
-
- HIV is a cancer-causing virus. Infection with HIV (with
or without the KS virus) has resulted in a noticeable increase in various
forms of cancer. A 2005 study of over 4000 AIDS patients showed higher
rates of melanoma, basal and squamous cell skin carcinomas, anal carcinoma,
prostate carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease, when compared with age-adjusted
rates for the general United States population.
-
- The KS virus is now in the U.S. blood supply; and blood
is not screened routinely for this virus. A 2001 study indicated that 15%
of normal Texas blood donors showed evidence of KS virus infection in the
blood. A 2002 study of healthy children (ages 4-13) in South Texas showed
that 26% had antibodies to the KS virus in their blood.
-
- Is AIDS a man-made disease?
-
- How did these two viruses of primate origin get into
the gay male population to cause AIDS and a contagious form of cancer?
AIDS experts blame monkeys and chimps in the African jungle. My research
indicates it is much more likely these viruses were introduced during government-sponsored
hepatitis B experiments using gays as unsuspecting guinea pigs. Extensive
documentation of past "secret medical experiments" by the government
can be found on Google. A recent BBC news report (30 Nov 2004) uncovering
unauthorized and dangerous HIV drug experiments on infants and children
in New York City orphanages can be found by Googling: BBC + guinea pig
kids.
- Until proven otherwise, a "new" HIV retrovirus
and a "new" KS virus could easily have been developed in a laboratory
as part of the Virus Cancer Program. In the decade before AIDS it was common
to transfer and adapt primate retroviruses and herpes viruses into human
cells in genetic engineering experiments. Such viruses were deemed potential
"candidate human viruses," as clearly stated in the annual progress
reports of the VCP. For further details on the relationship of the VCP
to the introduction of HIV, Google: virus cancer program + AIDS.
-
- The connection between the hepatitis experiments and
the AIDS epidemic was quickly dismissed by government authorities two decades
ago. However, it is clear from a review of the scientific literature that
the "gay plague" began immediately after the government experiments;
and the experiments permanently damaged the health of the gay community,
and led to continuing spread of HIV into the "general population."
-
- Are we to believe that all this is merely a coincidence
-and that AIDS in America resulted simply from two viruses jumping species
in the African jungle? Or is the origin of HIV and AIDS -and the KS virus-
related to secret medical research and covert human testing, as suggested
here.
-
-
-
- [Dr. Alan Cantwell is a retired dermatologist; and the
author of five books on the man-made origin of AIDS and the infectious
origin of cancer, all published by Aries Rising Press, PO Box 29532, Los
Angeles, CA 90029 (www.ariesrisingpress.com). Email: alancantwell@sbcglobal.net.
Abstracts of 30 published papers can be found at the PubMed website. Many
of his personal writings can be found on www.google.com by typing in key
words "alan cantwell" + articles. His latest book is Four Women
Against Cancer: Bacteria, Cancer and the Origin of Life. His books are
available on www.amazon.com and through Book Clearing House @ 1-800-431-1579]
-
- References:
-
- Cantwell A. AIDS and the Doctor of Death: An inquiry
into the origin of the AIDS epidemic. Aries Rising Press, Los Angeles,
1988.
-
- Cantwell A: Queer Blood: The secret AIDS genocide plot.
Aries Rising Press, Los Angeles, 1993.
-
- Miller M.KS enters Y2K still riddled with many questions.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Oct 6;91(19):1612-4.
-
- Szmuness W. Large-scale efficacy trials of hepatitis
B vaccines in the USA: baseline data and protocols. J Med Virol. 1979;4(4):327-40.
-
- Szmuness W, Stevens CE, Harley EJ, Zang EA, Oleszko WR,
William DC, Sadovsky R, Morrison JM, Kellner. Hepatitis B vaccine: demonstration
of efficacy in a controlled clinical trial in a high-risk population in
the United States. N Engl J Med. 1980 Oct 9;303(15):833-41.
-
- Szmuness W, Stevens CE, Zang EA, Harley EJ, Kellner A.
- A controlled clinical trial of the efficacy of the hepatitis
B vaccine (Heptavax B): a final report. Hepatology. 1981 Sep-Oct;1(5):377-85.
-
- Yacovone JA, Weisfeld J. Acceptance of hepatitis B vaccine
by Rhode Island dental practitioners. J Am Dent Assoc. 1985 Jul;111(1):65-7.
-
- Spence MR, Dash GP. Hepatitis B: perceptions, knowledge
and vaccine acceptance among registered nurses in high-risk occupations
in a university hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1990 Mar;11(3):129-33.
-
- O'Brien TR, Kedes D, Ganem D, Macrae DR, Rosenberg PS,
Molden J, Goedert JJ. Evidence for concurrent epidemics of human herpesvirus
8 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in US homosexual men: rates,
risk factors, and relationship to Kaposi's sarcoma. J Infect Dis. 1999
Oct;180(4):1010-7.
-
- Dollard SC, Nelson KE, Ness PM, Stambolis V, Kuehnert
MJ, Pellett PE, Cannon MJ. Possible transmission of human herpesvirus-8
by blood transfusion in a historical United States cohort. Transfusion.
2005 Apr;45(4):463-5.
-
- Sacks HS, Rose DN, Chalmers TC. Should the risk of acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome deter hepatitis B vaccination? A decision analysis.
JAMA. 1984 Dec 28;252(24):3375-7.
-
- Stevens CE, Taylor PE, Zang EA, Morrison JM, Harley EJ,
Rodriguez de Cordoba S, Bacino C, Ting RC, Bodner AJ, Sarngadharan MG,
et al. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection in a cohort of
homosexual men in New York City. JAMA. 1986 Apr 25;255(16):2167-72.
-
- Stevens CE, Taylor PE, Rubinstein P, Ting RC, Bodner
AJ, Sarngadharan MG, Gallo RC. Safety of the hepatitis B vaccine. N Engl
J Med. 1985 Feb 7;312(6):375-6.
-
- van Griensven GJ, Hessol NA, Koblin BA, Byers RH, O'Malley
PM, Albercht-van Lent N, Buchbinder SP, Taylor PE, Stevens CE, Coutinho
RA. Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection amonghomosexual
men participating in hepatitis B vaccine trials in Amsterdam, New York
City, and San Francisco, 1978-1990. Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Apr 15;137(8):909-15.
-
- Biggar RJ, Burnett W, Mikl J, Nasca P. Cancer among New
York men at risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Int J Cancer. 1989
Jun 15;43(6):979-85.
-
- Moskowitz LB, Hensley GT, Gould EW, Weiss SD. Frequency
and anatomic distribution of lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma in the acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome: an autopsy series. Hum Pathol. 1985 May;16(5):447-56.
-
- Barahona H, Melendez LV, Hunt RD, Daniel MD. The owl
monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) as an animal model for viral diseases and oncologic
studies. Lab Anim Sci. 1976 Dec;26(6 Pt 2):1104-12.
-
- Koblin BA, Hessol NA, Zauber AG, Taylor PE, Buchbinder
SP, Katz MH, Stevens CE. Increased incidence of cancer among homosexual
men, New York City and San Francisco, 1978-1990. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Nov
15;144(10):916-23.
-
- Burgi A, Brodine S, Wegner S, Milazzo M, Wallace MR,
Spooner K, Blazes DL, Agan BK, Armstrong A, Fraser S, Crum NF. Incidence
and risk factors for the occurrence of non-AIDS-defining cancers among
human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. Cancer. 2005 Oct 1;104(7):1505-11.
-
- Baillargeon J, Deng JH, Hettler E, Harrison C, Grady
JJ, Korte LG, Alexander J, Montalvo E, Jenson HB, Gao SJ. Seroprevalence
of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection among blood donors
from Texas. Ann Epidemiol. 2001 Oct;11(7):512-8.
-
- Baillargeon J, Leach CT, Deng JH, Gao SJ, Jenson HB.
High prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection in south Texas
children. J Med Virol. 2002 Aug;67(4):542-8.
|
